Season 2
Season 2 of Cybercultural (published mostly over 2021) covers web development history in the 1990s, with a few pre-web history posts.
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1993: Mosaic Launches and the Web Becomes Open Source
On 21 April 1993, Marc Andreessen announces NCSA Mosaic 1.0, the first version of its multimedia browser. Just over a week later, CERN gifts the World Wide Web to the world as open source software.
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1992: The Web vs Gopher, and the First External Browsers
Three non-CERN web browsers are released over 1992 — Erwise, ViolaWWW and MidasWWW — at a time when there are less than 20 websites in the world. It is a turning point for the young Web.
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1991: Tim Berners-Lee Tries to Convert the Hypertext Faithful
After a year and a half of stalling from CERN management, Tim Berners-Lee hopes the momentum at the end of 1990 will continue into the new year. But disappointment soon follows.
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1990: Programming the World Wide Web
In the final few months of 1990, Tim Berners-Lee and his CERN colleague Robert Cailliau develop the world’s first browser, create the HTML markup language, write the first web server, and invent HTTP.
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1999: Netscape’s Fall and the Rise of the Mozilla Browser
By 1999, not only has Netscape fallen behind Microsoft in browser technology, it also has trouble navigating relationships — with both its parent AOL and the developers of its open source project, Mozilla.
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1996: Flash and CSS Bring Design to the Web
There are two stylistically opposed approaches to web design in the 1990s, epitomized by two distinct — and utterly different — technologies, both of which debut in 1996.
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1995: MySQL Debuts and Web Databases Slowly Emerge
By the end of 1995, the foundational pieces of the open source LAMP stack for web development (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP/Perl/Python) are in place. However, MySQL is not initially open source.
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1995: Apache and Microsoft IIS Shake Up Web Server Market
In April 1995, the Apache Web Server Project announces a new 'public-domain HTTP server'. Soon after, Microsoft announces its first web server software, Internet Information Server.
